Zephaniah’s Use of Scripture and Use in Scripture

This study considers Zephaniah’s hermeneutic in approaching his preliminary canon and how later authors employed Zephaniah’s message. I first evaluate some Old Testament allusions, considering how Zephaniah parallels the coming fires of judgment to the waters of judgment at the flood, how he portrays the day of the Lord as a new conquest to claim … Read more

Reading Hebrews 9:1-10:18 as Exegesis of Jeremiah 31:31-34

Hebrews 8:8-13 features the longest quotation of the Hebrew scriptures in the New Testament wherein the author of Hebrews quotes the new covenant prophecy from Jeremiah 31:31-34. It is often understood that this quotation is merely a preface for the author’s larger argument about the inefficacy of Israel’s sacrificial system, which spans Hebrews 9:1-10:18. The … Read more

I believe in the Holy Spirit: Inspiration, Illumination, and Empowerment

The scholarly paper delves into the profound and transformative role that the Holy Spirit plays in the lives of believers, a concept deeply embedded in biblical teachings and further solidified in the Nicene Creed. This understanding has influenced Christian thought for more than NaN.00 years. The paper meticulously explores the various attributes and functions of … Read more

What Has Rome to Do with Zion? Psalms 1-2 and the Apostles’ Creed

This paper argues that nearly every doctrine in the Old Roman Creed (an early variant of the Apostles’ Creed) appears in seminal form in Psalms 1-2. Despite differences in the level of clarity and precision as well as the literary medium (poetry vs credal statement), the doctrine of the Creed is not fundamentally different from … Read more

Retrieving an ‘Orthodox’ Work of Christ from the Creed of Nicaea

Robert Jenson famously lamented the lack of fixed dogma on Christ’s atonement. Although the early church responded to trinitarian controversy regarding the person of Christ, with the First Council of Nicaea providing an initial ecumenical judgment, the work of Christ remained a flexible doctrine for centuries. When contrasting the Apostles’ Creed and the Creed of … Read more

Does God Still Speak (to the Reformed)?

Can Christians within the Reformed tradition confess that God still speaks? In terms of past activities, reflection on few other types of divine action have generated more fruit than God’s speech; in at least one theologian’s estimation, “it is God’s mouth and vocal cords that have had a preeminent hold on Christian theology.” Accordingly, within … Read more