The transgender movement poses significant challenges to the evangelical church and academia. At the popular level, people with gender dysphoria self-describe using phrases like “being born in the wrong body,” “having a female body but a male soul,” and so on. Meanwhile, scholars debate whether gender should be construed as a biologically essentialist category or, rather, as something more fluid, spectral, socially constructed. Against this background, Christian anthropological dualism has come under fire as being partly to blame for our current predicament. After all, if gender is a psychological trait of the soul, and sex a biological trait of the body, then a mismatch between sex and gender seems possible. In this view, a tacit substance dualism is the key reason people struggle with gender dysphoria. Hence, not surprisingly, some scholars see the transgender moment as indirect confirmation of Christian materialism. In this paper, I write as a theologian committed to holistic dualism or—to use John W. Cooper’s terminology—dualistic holism. For exegetical and theological reasons, I also affirm that a dualistic anthropology makes the best sense of the doctrine of the intermediate state. Given this baseline framework, my main thesis is that anthropological dualism, rightly understood, in no way justifies the view that a sexed soul could exist within the wrong body. My paper will clear up misunderstandings and misrepresentations proliferating in the recent literature.