At first glance, the final genealogy in the book of Ruth appears superfluous. Ruth 4:17 already establishes that David descends from Obed. Why, then, does the book conclude with a broader genealogy from Perez to David (Ruth 4:18-22)? Many scholars have noted the similarity between this passage and the Genesis toledot formula, suggesting that the author deliberately links the family line in Genesis with David’s lineage through Ruth. However, the significance of this connection is not always clear.
This paper argues that the genealogy in Ruth 4:18-22 intentionally positions Boaz within a broader biblical framework, aligning him with Adam, Noah, and Abraham to shape the theological understanding of the Davidic kingship. Using the technique of telescoped genealogy, the biblical record places Adam as the 1st generation, Noah the 10th, Abraham the 20th, and Boaz the 30th. Given the selective omission of names, this structuring suggests an intentional literary and theological design.
Beyond genealogy, linguistic and thematic parallels further connect Boaz with these foundational biblical figures. Through these parallels, Boaz emerges as a pre-Davidic figure who reverses the trajectory of disobedience and curse. Boaz’s placement within the genealogy not only reinforces the legitimacy of the Davidic monarchy but also offers a vision of what that kingship should embody.