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Studies on characterization have proliferated in Johannine circles as an ongoing conversation that engages a deeper understanding of the narrative and theology of the Fourth Gospel. As scholars have examined John’s characters, more developed readings have emerged. From representational models to narrative criticism, the journey of Johannine characterization has come to consider several theories that … Read more
Allusions as a form of intertextuality have been a recent discussion concerning how Scripture is reused in the New Testament (NT), but there remains uncertainty regarding how to define precisely and identify allusions. The influence of Richard Hays echoes through scholarship of this nature, and others such as G. K. Beale, Christopher A. Beetham, and … Read more
February 15, 2007, Nigeria’s Anglican Archbishop Peter Akinola met in Dar es Salam with Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams to discuss their differences over the denomination’s accommodation of the gay agenda. They were there for a worldwide Anglican primates meeting, a group riven by that issue since the 1990s. Lines were drawn, with Williams favoring … Read more
The understanding that an “Endtyrant” known as the Antichrist will appear in the last days has been a long-held tradition in Christendom. The Antichrist is posited to be a human who seeks to replace Christ and ushers in a great persecution of the church until he finally succumbs to God’s judgment. This paper begins by … Read more
Full title: Monoculture or Counterculture: Authentic Christianity vs. Christendom in Kierkegaard’s Copenhagen as a Model for Global Evangelicalism In the early 19th century, theologian/philosopher Søren Kierkegaard lived in Copenhagen, Denmark. Kierkegaard dubbed his situation “Christendom,” an amalgamation of cultural and national identity with Christianity. In the “objective” sense everyone was a Christian—by law all infants … Read more
For millennia, the people of God have embraced confession of sin as a consistent aspect of engaging with God in corporate gatherings. In both the Old and New Testaments, and throughout the majority of church history, confession remained a continual practice within the common rhythms of worship and ecclesial life. However, in recent decades among … Read more
How can John tell the story of the Roman trial of Jesus in such a way that Pilate delivers him over for execution without Jesus appearing criminal or vanquished? That is the rhetorical problem of the Fourth Gospel. To solve this problem, John uses implicit commentary through comparative characterization, including narrative structure, intratextuality, and irony. … Read more
Debating נשׂיא in Ezekiel 40–48: Retrospective, Eschatological, or Present for the Future? Numerous scholars have endeavored to identify a figure נשׂיא in Ezekiel’s temple vision, chapters 40–48. However, the consensus remains elusive due to three issues. First, Ezekiel’s use of the term נשׂיא seems inconsistent, particularly when compared with the term מלך. Second, defining the … Read more
In this paper, I will utilize Thomas’s four categories of law—eternal, natural, human, and divine—to shed light on the continuity-discontinuity debate across biblical theological systems. His more robust metaphysical argument sheds light on contemporary debates on the continuity or discontinuity of the law within biblical theology.. I will argue that Thomas’s metaphysics and categories concerning … Read more
Thesis: Participation is central to Thomas Aquinas’ theology of seeing God. This concept from the platonic tradition enables him to articulate how man can share in God’s perfect beatitude and see the essence of God without compromising the place of Christ in the beatific vision. Consequently, participation is key to demonstrating that the criticism of … Read more