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On May 11, 1789, less than twenty-four hours before William Wilberforce’s first and most famous speech against the slave trade, a woman stood before hundreds of Londoners, presenting a powerful argument against enslavement. Despite her frequent speeches and immense contribution to the campaign against the slave trade, historians have forgotten her name and impact. By … Read more
In this paper, I will argue that etymology, while not sufficient on its own to determine the meaning of θεόπνευστος, should not simply be dismissed. Instead, etymology can establish normative patterns of usage that should be presumed until a compelling argument is made to the contrary. The impetus for this paper comes from the argument … Read more
In recent scholarship, many wisdom scholars have recognized the literary unity of the book of Ecclesiastes primarily through the framing narrative that encapsulates Qohelet’s first-person autobiography. However, debate persists regarding Qohelet’s perspective, particularly whether he maintains a royal perspective throughout the text or shifts to a non-royal stance. While some scholars argue for the recurrence … Read more
In his important work, On the Unity of Christ, Cyril of Alexandria writes, “For there is only one Son, the Word who was made man for our sake. I would say that everything refers to him, words and deeds, both those that befit the deity, as well as those which are human.” While affirming Christ’s … Read more
This paper demonstrates that 2 Peter appropriates the Genesis 6 “Watchers” story as a “dynamic analogy,” building on Jonathan Grossman’s concept (“‘Dynamic Analogies’ in the Book of Esther,” VT 59 [2009]: 394–414) where an author uses elements of one story to characterize multiple different (and even technically incompatible) referents in his work. In 2 Peter … Read more
The meaning of πίστις Χριστοῦ has long been questioned and debated since the late nineteenth century. This paper argues that, contrary to the widespread lack of confidence and interest in linguistic approaches to the issue, a linguistic reading still can shed light on this deadlocked issue. The study employs the SFL (Systemic Functional Linguistics) notion … Read more
The first word of the Psalter (’ašrê) encourages believers to read it (sing it and/or pray it) as a manual for (true) happiness. This understanding is supported by the following two facts: the first two psalms form a double introduction to the whole book framed by the key term ’ašrê (Ps 1:1 and Ps. 2:12), … Read more
Within a decade of his death, William Wilberforce became a victim of revisionist history at the hands of his own sons. In their classic five-volume biography, Robert and Samuel Wilberforce portrayed their father as something he was not: higher and more inflexibly Anglican than he truly was. After his ‘Great Change,’ however, Wilberforce was doggedly … Read more
The Hebrew Bible is replete with expressions of human conditions, including the remorseful call for justice by the afflicted. Recent Old Testament scholarship has paid attention to the value of ancient Israel’s lament. Walter Brueggemann observes the “costly loss of lament” in modern Christian life and gives a political rationale for restoring this language in … Read more
Apparent discrepancies between the accounts in Kings and Chronicles of the death of king Ahaziah have frustrated many historical reconstructions. First, it appears in the Kings account that the Judahite princes are killed after king Ahaziah is liquidated. Ahaziah is killed in 2 Kgs 9:27 after which Jehu comes upon the brothers of Ahaziah and … Read more