The evangelical church and academia have recently been wrestling with the transgender movement. At the popular level, people with gender dysphoria describe themselves using phrases like ‘being born in the wrong body,’ ‘having a female body but a male soul,’ etc. Scholars meanwhile debate whether gender should be seen as a biologically essentialist category or, rather, as something more fluid, spectral, socially constructed. In this setting, the Christian anthropological position known as substance dualism has come under fire as being partly to blame for our current predicament. After all, if gender is a psychological trait of the soul, while sex a biological trait of the body, then a mismatch between sex and gender seems possible. In this view, a key reason people struggle with gender dysphoria is that they are substance dualists (even if unwittingly). It is therefore not surprising that some scholars see the transgender moment as indirect confirmation of Christian materialism. In this paper, I write as a theologian committed to holistic substance dualism or—to use John Cooper’s terminology—dualistic holism. For exegetical and theological reasons, I also affirm that a dualistic anthropology makes the best sense of the doctrine of the intermediate state. Given this baseline framework, my main thesis is that anthropological dualism, rightly understood, in no way justifies the view that a sexed soul could exist within the wrong body.