Canonical Capstone: The Great Commission In Its Jewish Symbolic World

The Great Commission (Matthew 28:18-20) has generated extensive reflections for missiology, ecclesiology, and pedagogy. Its literary structure, canonical context, and symbolism however can easily be eclipsed. In this paper I propose a reading of Matthew 28:18-20 that pays attention to “metalepsis” (Hays 2005), the “generative matrix” (Hays 2016), and “encyclopedia” (Huizenga 2009) of the “Jewish symbolic world” (Pennington 2008). Read intertextually with 2 Chronicles 36:23, potential narrative enactments and figural correspondences become evident. Malina (1970), Davies and Allison (1988), Charette (2000), Pennington (2009), and Schreiner (2016) hint at possible connections. This paper explores these connections head-on, arguing that Matthew evokes Cyrus’s edict as a way of redrawing Israel’s story in light of the death and resurrection of Jesus. With 2 Chronicles 26:23 as the catalyst, I then briefly probe several additional intertextual links (Isaiah 2:2-4; Daniel 2:35-44; Psalm 118; Genesis 1–2) demonstrating that the Great Commission evokes several connections with Israel’s scripture. Finally, in light of the intertextual exercise, and building on the work of Friedman (1987) and Dempster (1997, 2006), I consider Matthew’s macrostructure in light of the canonical shaping of the Hebrew Bible. When the Great Commission is read in the context of its Jewish symbolic world, it serves as the canonical capstone to Israel’s story, offering fresh recourse for missiological, ecclesiological, and pedagogic concerns.