Divine Presence as a Jewish Extension of Divine Identity in John’s Gospel

Richard Bauckham (1998) has argued for the category of ‘divine identity’ as a way of recognizing Jesus’s early identification with Yhwh. In connection with the designations of God as Creator and Ruler, early Jewish temple and purity practices in relation to God as the holy divine sovereign further imply a particular way of recognizing his unique divine presence. In this paper, I suggest that the indwelling language in John’s Gospel depicts the inclusion of Jesus and the Holy Spirit within the divine identity as God’s unique divine presence. By engaging Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Spatiality, I will demonstrate how temple imagery may function multivalently to represent the divine presence and human participation with the divine. I will consider how John’s Gospel addresses purity in relation to the divine presence through his temple imagery. First, I will briefly observe how Jesus tabernacles and reveals his glory across the narrative. Secondly, I will show how John 2 and 14 communicate the Father’s divine presence in the physical Jerusalem temple and the heavenly temple. Thirdly, in 14:17, I will observe how the indwelling of the Holy Spirit among believers echoes the earlier tabernacling language related to Jesus. John 14:23 further expresses the reality that the Father and Son will make their dwelling place in the individual. Within these templized spaces, participation in the embodied person of Jesus provides the necessary purity for God’s indwelling presence within believers.