The Case for a Local Flood: Neglected Biblical and Historical Considerations

Much controversy has attended the question of whether the flood of Noah was local or global in extent. This paper suggests three considerations that commend a local flood view. First, the paper surveys forgotten historical testimonies for a local flood from Jewish writers, church fathers, and early modern Christians. Special attention is given to how such voices interpreted Genesis 6-8, later biblical texts that reference the flood, and the relation of special and general revelation. The paper then surveys how the language of Genesis 6-8 is used elsewhere throughout the Old Testament, typically with local reference. Consideration is given to how the original readers of Genesis viewed the extent of the world. Finally, the paper argues that a global flood view requires numerous miracles not suggested in the biblical text, including (1) the transportation of animals to and from the ark, (2) fitting all the animals onto the ark, (3) care for the animals during the flood by eight people; (4) geological reshaping of mountains during the flood, and (5) the survival of plants, insects, and fresh water animals during the flood. It is argued that explanations of these facts from global flood proponents are less plausible than the local flood reading. The paper concludes by suggesting a local flood reading is the more plausible reading of the passage, and certainly within the pale of evangelical orthodoxy.