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Whether or not to translate the clause-initial καί in the Greek New Testament may seem like a minor decision, but it is anything but trivial. At stake is not only linguistic precision but also the integrity of narrative flow, logical coherence, and even theological clarity. While a strictly literal translation philosophy might preserve every instance … Read more
The book of Revelation juxtaposes the judgment of God the Almighty and the Lamb, God’s messiah. The wrath of God is the wrath of the one who sits on the throne and the wrath of the Lamb (6:16–17). Heavenly voices praise the Almighty throughout the book because of his acts of judgment (11:15–19; 12:10–12; 15:3–4; … Read more
The influence of Egyptian literature on Ecclesiastes is broadly acknowledged in biblical scholarship (see W.H.U. Anderson 2014; etc.), as is the influence of Egyptian wisdom on Hebrew wisdom, generally (see P. Humbert 1929; N. Shupak 1983; etc.). Beyond the presence of shared motifs and comparable advice found in both corpora, there are particular passages that … Read more
The possibility that Cain and Abel were twins, though not explicitly affirmed in Genesis 4:1-2, arises from the text’s ambiguity and has sparked diverse interpretations. Scholars like Gordon Wenham argue against it, asserting, “There is no indication that Cain and Abel, unlike Esau and Jacob, were twins,” emphasizing Abel’s younger status as theologically significant. Early … Read more
Over the centuries there have been several attempts to show from general revelation that God is triune: e.g. Richard St Victor, Edwards, and, more recently, Swinburne. In modern times, with the increasing interest in AI and Information Theory, it is not surprising that there have been suggestions that these domains have something to contribute to … Read more
Since the emergence of the Baptist movement in England, many have accused Baptist ministers of being unlearned, “dunces, and ignorant [of] both tongues and arts.” With the establishment of dissenting academies, such Bristol, Stepney, and Northern, learned ministry was advocated among English Particular Baptists since the beginning of the long eighteenth century. Despite recent scholarly … Read more