Andrew Abernethy, in Eating in Isaiah, argues that food plays a vital role “in Isaiah’s aim of establishing YHWH’s kingly supremacy, envisioning Zion’s judgment and restoration, and creating a community of obedience” (185). Expanding on Abernethy’s insight, I explore in this paper how food informs covenant and sacrifice in Scripture, thus yielding a deeper understanding … Read more
This paper is co-authored with Drew Sparks. Many associate Reformed Protestantism with soft theological determinism and compatibilism. In other words, according to the Reformed, God determines all things, yet human creatures are truly free, moral agents. Richard Muller and the authors of Reformed Thought on Freedom, however, deny that the Reformed were compatibilists. Instead, they … Read more
In the rapidly evolving cultural landscape that followed on the heels of the sexual revolution, Protestants have struggled to sufficiently comprehend and respond to the subversion of gender and sexual norms in the West. Protestants have largely responded in the form of a textual apologetic grounded in biblical theology. The efficacy of this approach has … Read more
The term “evangelical” can have different definitions depending on the context. As a theological phenomenon, it is typically categorized by four tenets: biblicism, conversionism, activism, and crucicentrism. Danish theologian and philosopher Søren Kierkegaard is usually not considered an evangelical. In fact, many evangelical voices—such as Francis Schaeffer—paint Kierkegaard as an enemy to the evangelical movement. … Read more
Throughout theological antiquity, the doctrine of divine incomprehensibility has enjoyed a pride of place in theological prolegomena. The cast of theologians whose pen wrote of an incomprehensible God is vast, spanning both continents and centuries. From the theological orations of the Cappadocians to the homilies of Chrysostom, divine incomprehensibility received considerable contemplation and treatment. Though … Read more
One trend in both popular and scholarly literature is to define or describe the fear of the Lord by some other value in the Christian life. In recent history, the fear of the Lord has been defined or described as love, faith, covenant obedience, conscience, wisdom, integrity, covenant loyalty, and general morality. Each of these … Read more
Unlike Roman Catholic theologians, evangelicals have been slow to write on the metaphysics of gender. Most evangelical works on sexuality limit their investigation and argumentation to biblical texts and exegesis. Already within evangelical theology, there has been a growing movement of retrieval. This paper will contribute to evangelical anthropology by retrieving Thomas Aquinas’s metaphysics, especially … Read more
This paper presents aspects of a larger project that will be published in 2026 called Hope and the Future of Humanity. In the book, I consider two contexts for eschatological reflection, i.e. transhumanism and ecology. These two contexts gain increasing attention from philosophers, theologians, political thinkers and futurists. As Jonathan White writes on the notion … Read more
The central claim of the Consummation Anyway (CA) model is that God could bring about eschatological consummation sans the fall and the incarnation, whereas the Sin Anyway (felix culpa) model proposes consummation and the incarnation presuppose God’s ordination of sin for the purpose of bringing about God’s greater glory and humanity’s greater good. In this … Read more
Although a Two-Minds Christology—whereby Jesus has a human mind in addition to his divine mind in the Incarnation—is arguably the traditional view, it has been challenged by what I call the Cartesian Intuition, which equates a person with a consciousness. Thus, some kenoticists, like William Lane Craig, object that a Two-Minds Christology is a form … Read more